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Design Features
KIA Spectra cars equipped with two independent braking systems: service and parking. The first system is equipped with a hydraulic drive ensures braking when the vehicle is moving, the second - brakes the car in the parking lot, its mechanical drive. By car use braking system with diagonal division of contours, which significantly increases the safety of driving. A hydraulic drive circuit provides the right front and left rear brake, the other - the left front and right rear. When one of operating brake system circuit, a second circuit stops the car, albeit with lower efficiency. The hydraulic actuator includes the master cylinder, brake booster, brakes front and rear wheels with the working cylinders, pipes. The parking system is carried out on the rear brakes.
Front wheel brake disc, with automatic adjustment of the gap between the pads 3 (Fig. 9.1) and the disc 4, with floating caliper. Mobile formed a support bracket 2 c single-piston working cylinder. The guide pad 1 is bolted to the steering knuckle. Brake pads are provided with a wear indicator. The movable bracket is bolted to the guide pins 5, which are mounted in the openings of guide pads; top bracket is moved along the guide pin is screwed into the guide strips. The guide pin and pin grease lubricated and protected by rubber covers. In the cavity of the brake cylinder piston is mounted with the sealing ring. Due to the elasticity of the ring supports the optimum gap between the pads and ventilated disk. During braking, the piston under the influence of fluid pressure presses the inner pad to the disc, as a result of the reaction force moves the caliper on the fingers and the outer shoe is also pressed against the disk, wherein the pressing force is the same pad. When disinhibition piston by the resilience of the sealing ring is removed from the pads, between the pads and the disc is formed a small gap.
| Fig. 9.1. Front wheel brake: 1 - calliper; 2 - Caliper; 3 - the brake pads; 4 - Disc; 5 - a directing finger; 6 - air release valve; 7 - brake hose
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Master cylinder hydraulic brake actuator consists of two separate chambers connected with independent hydraulic circuits. The first chamber is connected to the right front and the left rear brakes, the second - with the left front and right rear brakes. The master cylinder is equipped with a tank, the inner cavity of which is divided by a partition into two compartments. Each compartment feeds one of the chambers of the master cylinder. When you press the brake pedal master cylinder pistons begin to move, sealing lips cover compensatory holes, cameras and uncoupling tank and begins the displacement of brake fluid.
The vacuum amplifier installed between the pedal mechanism and the master cylinder, braking by the vacuum in the intake pipe of the engine through the rod and the piston of the first chamber of the master cylinder creates additional force proportional to the force on the pedals. The hose connecting the vacuum inlet tube amplifier (receiver), a check valve. He keeps the vacuum in the amplifier when it drops in the intake pipe and prevents the fuel-air mixture in the vacuum booster.
Rear brake drum (Fig. 9.2), with automatic adjustment of the gap between the pads and the drum. Brake pads 6 are driven by one hydraulic working cylinder with two pistons 8. The optimum gap between the drum pads and supported by the mechanism of automatic adjustment of the gap 1.
| Fig. 9.2. Rear brake: 1 - the mechanism of automatic adjustment of the gap between the drum and shoes; 2 - the top coupling spring pad; 3 - expander the parking brake lever; 4 - the plate spring; 5 - the bottom coupling spring pad; 6 - the brake pads; 7 - Front brake pads; 8 - the working brake cylinder
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The parking brake is actuated mechanically consists of a lever rod with an adjusting nut, and two cables. The rear end of the cable connected to the Lug levers mounted on the rear brake pads. Lever mounted between the front seats on the tunnel floor, equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the tension of the cables. The front end of the cable connected to the mechanism of a tension leveler. The parking brake does not require special care. At the current repairs, check the degree of wear of its parts, make the teeth in good sector and dogs. Excessive replace worn parts. If you find an open shells or wire rope must be replaced with new ones.
HELPFUL HINTS Some drivers, trying to wear a smaller parking brake cable, try to use it less often. This "economy" leads to the opposite result: the rope, rarely moving in the shell, gradually loses mobility, it gets jammed, resulting in wire breaks. So use the parking brake in all cases when it is necessary. Free running of the brake pedal when the engine should be about 4-7 mm. Too little free wheeling testifies to scuffing of the working cylinder, causes increased fuel consumption and accelerated wear of the brake pads. Too much free stroke - a sign of excessive gaps in the mechanism of the pedal or of leakage of hydraulic drive of brake system. If the free stroke is reduced by repeatedly pressing the pedal, ie it becomes "stiffer" - in the air. If the full pedal starts to increase, the system is leaking. If the brake pedal starts to vibrate most likely warped brake discs. Unfortunately, in this situation, they should only be changed, with both at once. When braking the car starts to pull to the side, check the working cylinders: may need repair or replacement. If the front suspension came knocking disappears when braking, check the bolts securing the caliper. After replacing the brake pads before the movement required to repeatedly press the brake pedal - the pistons in the cylinders of the workers have to stand in place. |
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