Design features

Schematic diagram of the engine control unit (ECU) provided at the end of the book.

The system includes a computer main information parameters which are the coolant temperature, fuel temperature, engine speed of the engine, and the TDC position of the actuator the fuel supply.

The computer is a microprocessor with digital programming. The connector on the computer has 88 pins numbered 1 to 70 and 101 to 118 (Fig. 3.47). Pin assignment of the connector shown in Table. 3.18. ECU is located in the passenger compartment under the center of the dashboard. It manages pre-start preheating, angle of injection of fuel, the fuel delivery actuator and idle. The unit also provides overload protection and prevents engine shutdown at lower engine speed to 1000 min-1. When installing the gear lever in neutral ECU limits the maximum speed of 4,000 min-1. If the car is equipped with air conditioning, the computer controls the switching of the compressor to prevent the failure mode of the engine. If the vehicle is, moreover, mounted immobilizer, the signal after setting a key in the switch locking devices, and a starter is compared with the signal recorded in the memory of the immobilizer. The comparison signal is supplied to the control unit, which gives or does not give permission for the power supply system of the engine management. In the event of failure of a sensor or actuator control unit may, depending on the failure to maintain the engine in an emergency mode. The computer has a program for monitoring the work of sensors and other devices, and memory write possible failures in their work. Reading data from the memory is possible only by means of special diagnostic equipment, which is connected to the diagnostic connector block located under the fuse box in the passenger compartment (Fig. 3.48).

Table 3.18 Summary of the connector ECU

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Switch the air conditioner is in a relay box mounted on the right wheel arch in the engine compartment. ECU via pin "5" includes a compressor using the air conditioner switch and a pressure switch in the refrigerant circuit. Using signals from the various sensors, the ECU controls the compressor to the air conditioner did not cause malfunction of the engine. Otherwise

the case of the ECU does not allow the inclusion of the air conditioning compressor, especially if the position sensor of the accelerator pedal produces a signal of the pedal is pressed all the way, and when the engine overheats. The supply voltage of 12 V.

Position sensor roller pump drive inductive type pump mounted on the side. The sensor sends to the ECU an alternating voltage with a frequency modulated so that four pulse signals from tags correspond two revolutions of the roller. Information is also provided on the tachometer. Resistance, measured at terminals "2" and "3" pad 38-pin connector gray pump at 25 ?� C is 1.6 ohm.

The coolant temperature sensor is mounted on the outlet conduit of the cylinder head, on the rear right side. The internal resistance of the sensor is reduced proportionally to the rise in temperature of the coolant. Color marking gray. The supply voltage of 5 V.

Adjusting the valve position sensor inductive type mounted under a cover on the pump. The sensor sends a signal to the ECU of the position of the adjusting slide actuator fuel supply. It consists of two coils and the metallic ring associated with the axis of the actuator the fuel supply. Moving to the coils change their ring inductance.

The calibration resistor is mounted on the side pump. The resistor allows the computer to receive accurate information about the adjustments and structural characteristics of the fuel pump. The supply voltage of 5 V.

The actuator performs the function of the fuel supply mechanical fuel flow to the pump. It is controlled by the electronic control unit ECU. The actuator comprises a rotary magnet formed integrally with the adjusting slide valve and a fixed electromagnet which is supplied with power by the computer. If the power is not supplied, the return springs move the adjusting valve to the off position and the fuel supply is interrupted.

The solenoid valve control timing of fuel injection is a fuel pump. When a power supply of the ECU and the solenoid valve changes the angular position of the plunger pump in relation to the axis of the drive roller.

The gauge of position of the accelerator pedal potentiometer type mounted on the accelerator pedal in the car. By pressing the pedal by the driver sensor sends a signal to the computer, which determines the amount of fuel injected. The sensor cable is connected to the accelerator pedal. The supply voltage of 5 V.

The integrated sensor switch "idling-full load." The switch contacts are open when the pedal is fully released, and closed when the pedal is pressed all the way. The switch sends a signal to the findings of "31" and "32" of the computer connector.

The supply voltage of 12 V.

Switch pedal is mounted on the accelerator pedal, is built into the pedal position in the car. The switch contacts are open in the "pedal is fully released" and closed in the "toe down". With the closure of the switch connects to the "masses" conclusion "29" of the computer connector. The supply voltage of 12 V.

Needle lift sensor installed in the piezoelectric type injector of cylinder 1. The sensor sends a signal to the ECU about the rise of the needle. This signal allows the ECU to determine the start of injection and adjust the angle of injection of fuel. The sensor consists of a core associated with the nozzle needle, which is moved relative to the coil winding and causes a change in magnetic field.

The fuel temperature sensor is a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient. It is installed under the pump cover. The transmitter sends information about the temperature control unit for adjusting the fuel supply of fuel depending on its viscosity. The supply voltage of 5 V.

Speed sensor and crankshaft position inductive type is mounted on the cylinder block opposite the disc having two slits that form the winding sensor pulse corresponding to the angle position of the crankshaft 70 ?� BTDC. Control lamp of inclusion preheating orange located in the instrument cluster. The lamp lights up when voltage is applied across the output of "16" of the computer connector.

The relay of inclusion of the preheating panel is mounted on the left front wing in the engine compartment behind the battery. Connection on "weight" output relay control circuit via the output of "11" of the computer connector. The voltage on the glow plug is supplied through the power circuit of the relay. When you turn the key switch devices and a starter in ?�ON?� position glow receive power for 20 seconds, until the coolant temperature is below 75 ?� C preheating mode starts immediately after starting the engine. Glow plugs are supplied with up to 20

5 minutes, until the coolant temperature exceeds 60 ?� C.

Glow plugs bystronagrevayuschiesya, pencil. Resistance candles at a temperature of 25 ?� C is 0.5 ohm.

Speed sensor of the inductive type comprises a pulse generator integrated in the speedometer drive. The generator produces a square pulse amplitude 5, modulated frequency depending on vehicle speed. The signal is transmitted through the speedometer in the instrument cluster to output "26" of the computer connector.

Position sensor gear lever is located on the clutch housing. It sends information to the computer about the position of the gear lever. The sensor is in the closed position when installing the gear lever in neutral. Contact opens when the sensor of a transmission. This conclusion is "22" of the computer connector

It is connected to "weight". ECU prevents overloads at idle and interruptions when switching gears. The supply voltage of 12 V.

Coolant pressure sensor located on the air conditioner dehumidifier placed in front, on the left side of the engine compartment. It transmits a signal of the computer system pressure refrigerant through port "15". The supply voltage of 12 V.

Two solenoid valves EGR mounted on the intake manifold and are controlled by the engine control computer through terminals "103" and "109". ECU issues permits for exhaust gas recirculation, depending on the mode of operation of the engine, the position of the accelerator pedal and the engine coolant temperature. The amount of exhaust gas recirculation to be sampled is changed depending on the vacuum applied to the EGR valve, which is controlled by two solenoid valves. Exhaust gas recirculation depends also on the amount of incoming air and is carried out only when the coolant temperature exceeds 70 ?� C. For determining the position of solenoid valves cm. Table. 3.19. Solenoid valves work in on-off control mode. The supply voltage of 12 V.

Table 3.19 The position of the EGR valve according to the engine load

Iris diaphragm type pneumatic valve mounted on the intake manifold. It is used for recirculating part of exhaust gases by directing them to the intake manifold. EGR valve connects the exhaust manifold with a metal pipe. It is controlled by two solenoid valves in low-pressure engine. Moving the diaphragm associated with the valve, terminates the access of exhaust gases into the intake conduit.

Exhaust gas recirculation and mixing of the exhaust gases entering the engine air causes a decrease in the oxygen content of the intake air and as a result, lowering the temperature of the combustion mixture, which, in turn, reduces the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are the main pollutants of the environment and particularly harmful to the human body.

Solenoid valve choke off control located on the air filter housing, near the air valve, and is controlled by computer via port "1". ECU controls the amount of air entering the engine depending on the operating mode of the coolant temperature and the position of the accelerator pedal. Control of the amount of inlet air is related to the recirculation of exhaust gases. While the coolant temperature is below 70 ?� C, the air damper is open. The supply voltage of 12 V.

Pneumatic valve air flap attached to the casing of the air filter and air damper controls the output of the air filter. In turn, the valve is controlled by the depression created by the engine through a solenoid valve choke. Moving the diaphragm valve associated with the axis of the air damper air control opens or closes the choke.