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Power supply system
The power supply system comprises a generator voltage regulator and the battery. Working together, these devices provide the power consumers of electricity such as ignition, lights, radio, and others. By car alternators. When installing additional electrical equipment, make sure that the power generator was enough to power the equipment. The main elements of the generator - a rotor, stator, a rectifier brush collector, electronic voltage regulator, bearing and belt pulley. The generator drive belt carried by the engine crankshaft. The generator is a three-phase synchronous electric car with electromagnetic excitation. To convert alternating current into direct current generator is integrated in the rectifier diodes. The voltage is regulated integrated electronic voltage regulator. When the generator is an electric current flowing through the field winding creates around the poles of the rotor flux. When the rotor for each tooth of the stator is the south, the north pole of the rotor; the working magnetic flux through the stator teeth is changed in magnitude and voltage. This creates an alternating magnetic flux in the stator winding electromotive force. The wedge shape of the pole pieces of the rotor is selected in such a way to provide an electromotive force waveform close to a sine wave. At high speed the rotor of the generator when the voltage is greater than the last 13,6-14,6 V voltage regulator is locked, and the current through the field winding does not pass. The generator voltage drops - the regulator opens and again passes a current through the field winding. The higher the speed of the rotor of the generator, the longer the controller locked state, therefore, the more decreases the output voltage of the generator. The process of locking and unlocking the controller comes with a high frequency, so the fluctuations in the output voltage of the generator is not visible and it can be considered almost constant, is maintained at 13,6-14,6 V. When checking the operation of the vehicle generator and a set of rules must be observed in order not to bring the generator fails: - Do not operate the generator disconnected from its battery clamp. Without a battery in the vehicle electrical system having dangerous surge pulses when disconnecting any power consumers. They can damage the electronics of the car, including a voltage regulator and diode rectifier unit generator; - Do not check the operation of the generator "to spark" even a brief connection "plus" generator clip to "weight", as in this case flows through the diodes significant current and are damaged. Monitor the voltage of the generator can only be a voltmeter; - Negative terminal of the battery must always be connected to the "weight" of the car, and the positive - with a clip generator. Wrong (reverse) switch batteries immediately cause the passage of high current through the diodes of the generator, and they will fail; - It does not check diodes pressure more than 12 or Megger, as it is too high for the diode voltage, and check they are punched (a short circuit). When checking the insulation of the wiring Megger necessary to disconnect all wires from the generator; - It is necessary to disconnect all wires from the generator and battery when electric welding of any parts of the body;
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| Fig. 7.1. Power supply system of the car the Mazda 3: 1 - alternator; 2 - starter
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- Check the electrical circuit and components, and you need to troubleshoot the engine stopped and the battery disconnected.
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