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Starter
Starter Specifications
The starter is a small but powerful electric motor, which is coupled with a fully charged battery and ignition system ensures reliable starting. Malfunction electric start engine system are given in Table. 10.4.
Table 10.4 Electric start engine system faults, their possible causes and remedies
Refitting Disconnect the negative battery terminal. Disconnect the speedometer cable and traction gear. Remove the pin and output wire from the starter motor.
| Fig. 10.9. Location nuts (1) bolts (2) securing the starter (4) and nuts (3) securing the wires to the motor starter
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Remove the nut and bolt, then remove the starter motor (Fig. 10.9). Installation is performed in reverse order of removal.
Removing stubborn and retaining rings
| Fig. 10.10. Starter: 1 - the traction relay; 2 - thrust ring; 3 - the screw; 4 - the front cover; 5 - a lock ring; 6 - way clutch; 7 - internal gears; 8 - a sun gear; 9 - planetary gear; 10 - ball; 11 - seal "A"; 12 - the bolts planetary gear; 13 - Back Cover; 14 - brush holder; 15 - a rotor; 16 - stator
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Remove the two screws through the front cover and remove the starter (Fig. 10.10).
| Fig. 10.11. Using the mandrel (1) to move toward the thrust ring gear (2) of the overrunning clutch (3) for access to the retaining ring (4)
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To remove the freewheel with the armature shaft is necessary to remove the retaining ring. Mandrel move stubborn ring gear side and remove it (Fig. 10.11). Remove the thrust washer from the shaft. Install stubborn and retaining ring on the front side of the rotor shaft, then move the thrust ring to the spring ring.
Adjustment of a backlash gear Disconnect terminal "M" pulling the starter relay. Attach additional wires to the battery terminals to terminals ?�S?� and "M" pulling the starter relay - starter pinion comes out ahead.
A WARNING Verification should be carried out as quickly as possible (less than 10), so as not burned out coil solenoid traction relay. |
| Fig. 10.12. Meas (A) of the gap between the stopper (1) and the gear (2)
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Feeler gauge, check the clearance between the gear and the stopper (pinion gap) (Fig. 10.12). Clearance gear should be 0.5-2.0 mm. If pinion gap is not correct, adjust it by adding or removing shims between the traction relay and the front cover.
Replacing brushes and springs Brushes worn to the wear limit line, or oil-soaked, should be replaced. When you replace the field winding Break brushes worn brush with pliers, taking care not to damage the braided wire. Sandpaper strip the end woven motive, to ensure its good contact with the new brush.
| Fig. 10.13. Place the soldering (3) braided wire (1) to the brush (2) of the field winding
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Insert braided wire into the hole of the brush and solder it. Make sure that the braided wire and excess solder do not come out on the surface of the brush (Fig. 10.13). When replacing the "mass" brush pull it out of the brush holder by pushing back the retaining spring with a screwdriver.
Cleaning parts starter Do not submerge parts starter solvent. Immersion in a solvent traction relay, stator and / or rotor will damage the wire insulation. Clean these parts only with a clean cloth. Do not wash in solvent freewheel, as it will be washed out of the grease. Freewheel can be cleaned with a brush with cleaning solvent and wipe with a dry cloth.
Verification performance starter Check to include solenoid traction relay Remove the pin from the terminal "M" pulling the starter relay. Attach additional wires to the battery terminals to terminals ?�S?� and "M" pulling the starter relay.
A WARNING Verification should be carried out as quickly as possible (less than 10 seconds) to prevent coil burnout solenoid traction relay. |
If gear freewheel comes out ahead, coil solenoid traction relay is OK. Otherwise, replace the traction relay. Check for holding the solenoid traction relay Remove the pin from the terminal "M" pulling the starter relay.
A WARNING This check should be carried out as quickly as possible (less than 10), so as not burned out coil solenoid traction relay. |
Attach additional wires to the battery terminals to the terminal ?�S?� and the starter housing. If the gear will be put forward, then everything properly. If the gear is moved back, holding the chain is broken, the magnetic switch is defective and must be replaced. Check the return solenoid traction relay Remove the pin from the terminal "M" pulling the starter relay. Attach additional wires to the battery terminals to the terminal "M" and the starter housing.
A WARNING This check should be carried out as quickly as possible (less than 10), so as not burned out coil solenoid traction relay. |
Pull the gear, and then release it. If it quickly returns to its original position, it means that everything is in order. Otherwise, replace the solenoid traction relay. Performance checks (no load) Secure the starter in a vise.
| Fig. 10.14. Connecting diagram elements and instruments for conducting operational audits starter: 1 - the starter motor; 2 - the switch; 3 - a rheostat with a graphite rod; 4 - Ammeter; 5 - battery voltage of 12 V; 6 - a voltmeter to measure the limit of 15
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Inspect the starter motor without load for this assemble the circuit as shown in Fig. 10.14. Connect ammeter (with a limit of measurement of 100 A) and a carbon resistor, as shown in Fig. 10.14. Connect a voltmeter to measure the limit of 0-15 V. Turn the engine rheostat to the maximum resistance. Connect the wire from the negative terminal of the battery to the starter. Install the engine rheostat in a position in which the voltmeter shows voltage of 11.0 V. Check the current consumed by the starter, and make sure the starter shaft rotates easily and smoothly. The strength of the current must not exceed 90 A. Rotational speed - 3000 min -1 .
Check elements starter Check collector Install the rotor on the V-shaped blocks and a dial indicator, check the beating of a collector. If the runout exceeds the limit, pierce a collector or replace the rotor. Rated heartbeat - 0.05 mm, the maximum allowable - 0.1 mm. Measure the diameter of the collector. If the diameter is less than the required value, replace the rotor. The diameter of the reservoir - 29.4 mm, the minimum allowable diameter collector - 28,4 mm. Measure the depth of the grooves between the contact plate collector. If the depth is less than the limit, replace the rotor. The nominal depth - 0.5 mm, the minimum allowable - 0.2 mm. Check the brush holder An ohmmeter check up conductivity between each isolated brush and brush holder plate. In the presence of conductivity, replace the brush holder. Checking freewheel Check the gear teeth and freewheel for wear and damage, replace if necessary clutch. Check the flywheel for damage. Hold still the starter shaft, rotate the gear freewheel. It should rotate clockwise freely and locked by turning it counterclockwise. Check the starter relay Remove the starter relay and check up conductivity between contacts.
| Fig. 10.15. Pin the starter relay
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If the contacts "85" and "86" is not energized, the contacts "87" and "30" must be open, and when a voltage is applied to the contacts "85" and "86" - contacts "87" and "30" should be closed (Fig. 10.15).
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