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Information gauges
Oxygen sensor general description  | Access to the oxygen sensor on the engines of 5.2 liter is very difficult. The space between the electric connector of the sensor and the exhaust manifold by inserting too much for him in the hands. Thus, a diagnostic test is available only in the workshop of dealer branch or using a scanner. |
An oxygen sensor located in the exhaust manifold and is used for determining the oxygen content in the exhaust gases. Contained in the exhaust gas oxygen sensor acts on the sensor, causing the latter to generate a voltage level of which varies from 0.1 V (high content of oxygen, a poor mix) to 0.9 V (low oxygen content, rich mixture). PCM continuously analyzes the output of the sensor, defining thereon an air content in the combustible mixture and adjusting the mix quality by controlling the pulse width (time duration) including fuel injectors. The most optimal in terms of minimizing the content in the exhaust gases of toxic components is a mixture consisting of 14.7 parts of air to 1 part fuel. In this part of the mixture creates ideal conditions for the effective operation of the catalytic converter. PCM and the oxygen sensor continually strive to maintain the equity ratio is a mixture (14.7 to 1). An oxygen sensor begins to generate a voltage reaches its normal operating temperature (approximately 320 ?� C). At the initial stage (before warming up the sensor) when starting the engine PCM operates in open loop mode. If, after warming the engine up to normal operating temperature, or its operation for at least two minutes, the oxygen sensor begins to produce a steady signal amplitude lower than 0.45 V at an engine speed of 1500 rev / min or above, captures PCM code module 51 or 52. In the case of some problems-or oxygen sensor circuit PCM will also set the code 21. In the event of any failure of O 2 sensor or PCM circuit automatically switches to open loop, which means maintaining the fuel supply in the programmed amount without adjustment in accordance with the sensor signals. The operation of the oxygen sensor depends on four factors: - Electrical - Low voltage generated by the sensor depends on the purity and quality of the electrical contact, the state should be checked first when you suspect the refusal of functioning of the sensor.
- Fresh air - Sensor design provides air circulation inside. Each time the removal of the sensor and replace it before installing should ensure cross-air channels.
- Adequacy of operating temperature - PCM will not respond to sensor signals as long as the temperature of the latter to reach the operating temperature of about 320 ?� C. This factor must be taken into account when assessing the effectiveness of the sensor.
- Unleaded fuel - This condition is extremely important in terms of serviceability of functioning of the sensor. Fill the car only unleaded fuel.
In addition to the need to fulfill the conditions listed above when using the sensor should take special precautions. - The oxygen sensor is equipped with permanently connected thereto connectors (electric and type "pig tail") that should not be disconnected from it. Damage or removal of any one of them is fraught with adverse effects on the functioning of the sensor.
- Should avoid contact with the electrical connector fitted on the portion of the valve shutters grease and other contaminants.
- Do not clean the oxygen sensor no solvents.
- Handle the sensor with care - do not knock or shake it.
- Silicon protective cover must be installed properly to prevent melting, and to ensure the proper functioning of the sensor.
Check
| - Locate the oxygen sensor electrical connector and insert into the opening black and orange (wire signal voltage) long pin.
 | - Plug in the electrical connector of the oxygen sensor long pin and try a black and orange wire connector on the presence of voltage output. Increase the engine speed, ensuring raising tension.
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- Connect the positive lead of the voltmeter to the pin, the negative probe to ground.
- Follow the indications of the instrument (tuned to the millivolt scale) during the engine warm-up (from cold).
- At first (when the engine is cold), the oxygen sensor will generate a stable signal level of about (0.1 - 0.2) in mode (open loop). After about two minutes of the engine reaches normal operating temperature and voltmeter readings (sensor) should begin to fluctuate in the range (0.1 - 0.9) in the (closed loop). If the sensor is not included in the closed loop mode, or it takes too long time, replace it.
- Also check the operation of the oxygen sensor heater. Disconnect the sensor electrical connector and connect it between the two white wires ohmmeter. Must register with resistance of about 5 - 7 ohm.
 | - Measure the resistance of the built-in heater of the oxygen sensor, connect an ohmmeter between the two white wires (lower connector terminals). It should be about 5 - 7 ohm.
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- Check the power supply to the heater. Measure to this tension between orange and black () and the black and blue (-) wires of an electric socket of the oxygen sensor. With the ignition (key in position ON, the engine is not running) it must be equal to the battery voltage. If power is not available, check the circuit between the main relay and PCM encoder.
| It is important to remember that only the supply voltage for two seconds, as the system uses the relay for voltage deviation (switch the air conditioner). |
- If the oxygen sensor fails any of these checks, replace it.
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Replacement | Since the oxygen sensor installed in the exhaust manifold or reception pipe exhaust system, which when cooled compressed, unscrew it with a cold engine can be very difficult. To avoid the risk of damaging the sensor during removal (unless you are going to replace it anyway) pre-start the engine for a few minutes. Be careful - not to burn in the course of the procedure on the surface of the heated components of the exhaust system. |
| - Disconnect the negative wire from the battery.
- Poddomkratte car and establish it on props.
- Caution Disconnect the sensor electrical connector.
- Carefully remove the sensor from the exhaust manifold.
- To facilitate the subsequent removal of the sensor prior to installation lubricate threaded portion antiprihvatyvayuschim sealant. Thread the new sensor are usually already lubricated so hermetic, but where in place of the old sensor should cover it again.
- Place the sensor and tighten it securely.
- Connect the electrical connector (or wire type "pig tail") to the main engine wiring harness.
- Lower the car on the ground and make its sea trials and testing of recording code troubleshooting.
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The gauge of absolute pressure in the pipeline (MAP) general description The MAP sensor monitors changes in the intake manifold pressure occurring due to changes in engine load and vehicle speed, and converts the read information into an output voltage. RSM uses the signals received from the MAP sensor for controlling the supply of fuel and ignition timing corrections. PCM receives information in the form of the amplitude (voltage) of the signal level of which may vary from 1.0 to 1.5 V with closed throttle (deep depression) and from 4.0 to 4.5 V at the open (weak vacuum). The MAP sensor is located inside the box casing mounted on the bulkhead of the engine compartment. Disclaimer MAP sensor leads to memory write control module fault code 13 or 14. Check | - On engines of 4.0 l Check the vacuum hose going from the throttle to the MAP sensor for cracks and signs of aging of the material. If necessary, replace. Vacuum hose MAP sensor is connected to the inlet conduit. The MAP sensor on the engine capacity of 5.2 liters receives air from the pipe fitting in the casing is connected to the throttle with the air through the pipe fitting on the throttle).
- Make sure of reliability of fastening of an electric socket of the sensor. Also check connector terminals for corrosion and reliability of fastening of wires to them. Inspect wiring. If necessary, make the necessary repairs.
- Disconnect the MAP sensor electrical connector, turn the ignition switch ON (do not start the engine) and check the voltage on the reference wire (between violet and white () and weight). It should be about 5 V.
 | - Using a voltmeter, check the voltage reference on a violet-white wire () - it should be about 5 V.
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- Connect to the sensor and measure the voltage on the signal line (red and white) with the ignition (key in position ON, the engine is not running). It should be in the range between 4.0 and 5.0 V. This is to check if the signal transmitted by the sensor to the PCM.
 | - Without dilution (engine off), check the voltage on the red-white wire MAP sensor. It should be approximately (4.0 - 5.0) V.
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- On models 5.2 l Start the engine and let it run at idle, Try red and white sensor signal wire positive probe of the voltmeter. The voltage should drop to about values (1.5 - 2.5) in the deepening of discharge. If the readings do not meet this value, replace the MAP sensor.
| On engines of 4.0 liters for a vacuum to the MAP sensor, use the hand vacuum pump. |
 | - Then, start the engine and let it run at idle, measure the voltage of the MAP sensor - it should be in the range 1.5 - 2.5 V (with an increase in the depth of the vacuum pressure should fall).
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Replacement | - On engines of 4.0 l disunite an electric socket and disconnect the vacuum hose from the sensor.
- Give fixing bolts and remove the MAP sensor to the throttle body (engines 5.2 liters) or bulkhead engine compartment (4.0 liters).
 | - Give bolts (arrows) fastenings of the MAP sensor to the throttle body (5.2 liter engine).
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- Install in reverse order.
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The crankshaft position sensor general description On cars of these models crankshaft position sensor is used to determine the distribution of the fuel injection into the cylinders and fire it into the combustion chambers. This work also serves as PCM. The sensor is a device that runs on the Hall effect, mounted on the dome of the transmission and to count ticks on the flywheel (Manual transmission) or floppy disk (AT). If PCM cease to receive information from the crankshaft position sensor, the engine will stop functioning.  | Components of the crankshaft position sensor - the engine of 4.0 liters. |
 | Components of the crankshaft position sensor - the engine of 5.2 liters. |
Check | - Connect an ohmmeter between terminals B and C of the electric connector of the crankshaft position sensor. It must be fixed infinite resistance.
 | - Connected between terminals B and C connector CKP ohmmeter should show infinity.
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- If the ohmmeter shows a low resistance, replace the sensor.
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Replacement The straight six-cylinder engine | - Disconnect the electrical harness connector of the crankshaft position sensor.
- On models 1994 vol., Equipped with AT sensor is fixed by a single bolt and bolt hole sensor has a slot. If you want to continue to use the old sensor, mark the exact position of the bolt with respect to the sensor to ensure the installation of the assembly is absolutely the same way. To install a new sensor to the desired depth, use spacers (enclosed in the kit to the new sensor). If the gap between the sensor and the flywheel will be exposed incorrectly when you start the engine will be damaged sensor. All models use only for sensor mounting bolts attached thereto, as they are processed so as to provide a desired gap between the sensor and the flywheel.
- Give the retaining bolt (s) and remove the gauge.
- Install in reverse order. Fixture tighten with demanded effort.
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V8 engines | - Remove wire from spark plugs right number of cylinders. Before removing take care of a clear labeling of each wire. Disconnect the mounting studs in the rear of the cylinder head cover and set them aside.
- Remove thermofilter right exhaust manifold (Head of Engine V8).
- Remove the valve and pipe EGR (see. To provide access to the nut of the tube, if necessary, remove the block of the oil pressure sensor.
- Disconnect the electrical harness connector of the crankshaft position sensor, give fixing bolts and remove the gauge.
- Install in reverse order. Fixture tighten with demanded effort.
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Coolant temperature sensor (CTS) general description Coolant temperature sensor is a thermistor (resistor whose resistance varies with temperature). The change in resistance of the sensor directly affects the level of its output voltage. As the temperature decreases the resistance of the sensor increases and vice versa. Disclaimer circuit CTS leads to record in memory module fault code 22. If the decay of such a code in the fault diagnosis system in most cases the best solution is to replace the sensor or its wiring circuit. Check Replacement  | Before proceeding with prots2edury wait full cooling of the engine. |
| - Before installing a new sensor wrap the threaded portion Teflon sealing tape (or tape FUM), which aims to prevent the development of corrosion and leaks threaded sensor in the future.
- To remove the sensor press the locking tab and disunite an electric socket, then carefully remove the sensor. In order to avoid significant loss of coolant as soon as possible tighten the new sensor.
| CTS Handle with care. Damage to the sensor is able to affect the functioning of the entire fuel injection system. |
 | Location CTS on engines of 4.0 liters. |
 | - On models 5.2 l at first, to provide access to the CTS, remove the generator and a compressor air conditioning system.
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- Install in reverse order.
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Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) general description Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) is located at the end of the axis of the throttle on the throttle. By tracking the sensor output PCM determines fuel delivery to the angle position of the damper (controlled by the driver). Out TPS failure is fraught with destabilization of injection of fuel injectors and idle speed as PCM will assume that the flap moves. Check | - Find the TPS on the throttle.
- Using a voltmeter, check the voltage reference from the PCM. Connect the positive probe of the fan to the violet-white wire, and negative - to the black-and-blue. The readings should be approximately 5.0 V.
 | - Measure the reference voltage between violet and black (reference), and black and blue (ground) wire TPS. It should be approximately 5.0 V.
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- Further, the electrical connector to connect the sensor and measure its signal voltage. At completely closed throttle, connect a voltmeter between the orange and blue wire sensor and the ground. Following the indications of the device, slowly open the valve. At completely closed throttle sensor voltage should be about 0.5 V. At full throttle the voltage should rise to a value of about 4.5 - 5.0 V. In the case of incorrect readings replace the sensor.
 | - Measure signal TPS voltage between the orange-blue (signal) and black and blue (ground) wire sensor. First, measure the voltage at completely closed throttle - it should be approximately 5.0 V.
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 | - Then manually open the valve to stop and read the voltmeter - it should now be about 3.5 - 5.0 V.
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- The appearance of any kind of problems in the TPS circuit leads to memory write control module fault code 24. Immediately after entering the PCM starts using an artificial signal to the throttle position, allowing partly restore the operating parameters of the engine, again increasing the efficiency of the latter.
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Replacement | - Disconnect the negative wire from the battery.
- Give to the TPS bolts with heads of type TORX and remove the sensor from the throttle body.
 | - Give bolts with heads of type TORX (arrow) of fastening TPS.
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- When installing the sensor track correctness of combination of guide tabs on the socket TPS with the axis of the throttle valve housing.
 | - Before installing the TPS take care of the correct alignment guide tabs in it with the end of the axis of the throttle valve housing (shown engine 4.0 liters).
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 | Details of installation of TPS into 5.2 liter engines. |
- Install in reverse order.
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Air temperature sensor general information Temperature sensor located in the intake manifold. Sometimes this sensor is also called "change in air temperature sensor" or "air temperature sensor conduit (IAT)". Sensor device functions as a negative temperature coefficient (NTC), which means that a decrease in temperature of the sensor its resistance increases, and vice versa. Most often in case of problems in the circuit to eliminate their need to repair or replace the sensor. Check | - To check the sensor first measure its resistance when cold (temperature 10 - 27 ?� C, the resistance of the sensor should be 17.900 - 10.800 ohms). Then, start the engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature. Resistance CTS to fall (at a temperature of 83 - 94 ?� C = 1.170 - 820 ohms). When the ignition is off (the key is set to OFF) disunite an electric socket of the air temperature sensor, which is located on the intake manifold. Then, using an ohmmeter, measure the resistance between the two terminals of the sensor.
 | Check the resistance temperature sensor on the engine 4.0 liters. |
 | Check the resistance temperature sensor on the engine 5.2 liters. |
- Switch on the ignition (but without starting the engine), measure the reference voltage of the sensor - it should be about 5.0 V.
 | Check reference voltage temperature sensor on the engine 5.2 liters. |
- If the test results are negative, replace the sensor.
- If the test did not reveal any malfunction of the sensor, and the problem still occurs, drive away the car in dealer branch or service center workshop for fault diagnosis PCM.
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Replacement | - Disconnect the electrical connector temperature sensor.
- Give fixing screws and remove the sensor from the intake manifold.
- Install in reverse order.
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Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) general description VSS is located either on the transfer box, or a transmission, depending on the vehicle and its equipment. It is a sensor with a rotating permanent magnet, which is beginning to produce a pulsed voltage when the vehicle speed exceeds the value of 5 km / hour (3 miles / hour). The pulses are transmitted PCM and used to control the operation of other systems (food and gear). Check | - To test the VSS disunite an electric wiring harness connector adjacent to the sensor. Using a voltmeter, measure the reference voltage of the sensor - it should be about 5.0 V (or slightly more). If pressure is absent, drive away the car in a workshop of dealer branch for troubleshooting PCM.
 | - Connect the positive lead of the voltmeter to the support (white-black) wire probe, negative probe - to the ground wire (black and blue).
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Replacement | - To replace him VSS disunite an electric socket.
- Give a fixing bolt and remove the gauge from the transmission.
 | Giving Away bolts VSS. |
- Install in reverse order.
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Solenoid lock control general description Solenoid lock control is a processor-controlled actuating device is used for the operation of the locking of the rotation on the AT-equipped cars. More details on procedures for inspection and replacement, see chap. Automatic transmission. Camshaft position sensor Description of the verification procedures and the replacement of the sensor, see chap. The electrical system of the engine. The gauge-switch start authorization Description of the procedures for verification and replacement of the gauge-switch, see chap. Manual box of a gear change.
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