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All-wheel drive - general information
Basic principles of permanent four-wheel drive Overview The engine torque is transmitted through the AT to the center differential equipped with transfer case and from there, via driveshafts, differentials assemblies to the front and rear axles. In all covered in this manual four-wheel drive models is made can not be disabled. The design of the two-stage transfer case provides a mechanism for locking the center differential. Reducer transfer case is fully synchronized, allowing gear change can be made while driving. There are also positive locking mechanisms of both cross-axle differentials. The procedure for locking differentials Differential lock management is done by the built in in the central part of the dashboard of the car switches (see. Section Controls and interior equipment). Blocking should be carried out strictly in sequence: a center differential -> REAR AXLE -> FRONT AXLE. Locking differentials should be included only in the difficult terrain, when passing through water or on roads covered with snow, ice or mud. Unlike vehicles with all wheel drive here the torque is transmitted to both axles constantly. Redistribution of power between the axles provides the center differential. Mode rigid connection between the axes necessary for maximum traction is provided blocking of the differential. The advantages include the all wheel drive vehicle handling stability performance, the use of the lower row of the transfer case without locking, and hence on roads without any limit adhesion. Moreover, such a car is always in a state of "high alert." Positive locking differentials can be used as an additional means of increasing the permeability in case of problems on the roads. It should be noted that the maximum thrust when poor underfoot can be obtained only by means of positive locking, as any wheel spin Automatic involves (if there is no slippage, the lock does not work), will certainly result in a loss of traction Not devoid of permanent four-wheel drive and disadvantages. After all, this vehicle has to be turned all the drive shafts and axle shaft. As a result, on the asphalt of his mission as noisy as all wheel drive with the included wheel couplings, and also provides a "four-wheel" to increase fuel consumption. Nevertheless, permanent four-wheel drive provides yet more positive points than negative, especially for real SUVs. Controls differential lock
Functional diagram of the hydraulic drive locking differentials Construction hydropneumatic pressure unit Arrangement of mechanical components brake differential lock control Arrangement of mechanical components control center differential lock Arrangement of pneumatic control components differential lock Functional diagram of the pneumatic locking differentials on diesel models (including the center differential lock and cross-axle rear axle differential Functional diagram of the pneumatic differential lock on the petrol models (including the center differential lock and cross-axle rear axle differential Arrangement of electrical components control differential lock (1 of 2) Arrangement of electrical components control differential lock (2 of 2)
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