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The simplest diagnostic equipment and examples of its application
The simplest diagnostic equipment and examples of its application How to make a lamp-sampler The glow lamp-type probe When servicing the electrical systems of the lamp-sampler is the most effective tool to check the conductivity under load circuit. A simple lamp-sampler can be made of a pair of segments 4 mm wire pairs of terminals such as "crocodile" and equipped with two contacts of the cartridge and 1-stranded lamps designed for supply voltage of 12 V with a 2-pin socket (see. Accompanying illustration).
| - Strip the wires at both ends to a convenient length.
- Solder one end of each wire clamp type "crocodile".
- The opposite ends of the wires connected to the terminal holder, making sure they do not touch each other and to the body of the cartridge.
- Install the lamp socket into the socket.
- To check the serviceability of functioning of the assembly, connect the terminals to terminals 12-volt battery. Lamp should then light up.
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Lamp-sampler on LED Using the lamp probe of conventional type (filament) to check for conductivity in circuits, includes in its composition and electronic components can cause damage to these components from damage due to flow through them fairly high current. The drafters of the Guidelines recommend the use in such cases, the lamp-sampler on the basis of LED (LED). The simplest light-probe on the LED may be made from a length of 3mm wire of suitable length, clamp type "crocodile" and LED 1/4 W resistor 560 ohms. Also needed housing which simply made from the old ballpoint pen and a thin metal rod (wire piece) pointed at one end. Make sure to connect the anode and cathode of the LED was made exactly as shown in the illustration.
 | When using a lamp, a LED probe should be remembered that the diode passes a current in one direction only, so the lamp will only function if the wire clip is connected to the negative side of the circuit and probe - to be positive. |
| - Solder the length of wire to the cathode of the LED (cathode terminal significantly shorter in the neighborhood with her at the end of the diode anode).
- To solder the resistor to the anode 560 ohms.
- Solder a short length of wire between the resistor and the probe.
- Drill a hole in the wall of the body and release pens in it coming from the cathode wire.
- With glue fix the probe in the body pen, pushing it to the bottom end of the hole.
- It released through the cathode side hole solder wire clamp type "crocodile".
- The LED can be mounted in the plug firmly entering the upper opening of the housing pen. To monitor diode in traffic should be done the inspection hole.
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How to make the jumper wire When troubleshooting electrical system components is very useful to have on hand the jumper wire. | - Strip both ends of a suitable length of the segment 4-millimeter wire.
 | - Connect both ends of the wire clamp type "crocodile" (solder them or tighten screws at the terminals). Examples wire-jumpers of varying lengths are shown in the accompanying illustration.
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- Check the wire jumper on conductivity presence, by disconnecting one of the wires from the battery and connect between the battery terminal and the tip of the wire jumper wire. Turn the ignition on, - with the need to properly illuminate indicator lights on the instrument panel.
- Remove the jumper wire and restore initial connection of the battery.
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| It is best to make several pre-webs wires of different lengths and with different types of terminals. |
Check of circuit breakers If there are doubts about the serviceability of functioning of the circuit breaker, unplug the wiring and using the lamp probe check for the presence of food. If the switch is included in the ignition circuit for testing have to turn the key to ON. Determine the color and location of the power line disconnect the lamp-sampler, take a suitable jumper wire and connect a wire between the power cable and switch on the opposite side of it. If the circuit is okay, replace the switch. Check of lamps If you suspect a failure of the lamp out of its holder, then plug one end of a small jumper wire to the positive terminal of the battery intact, and a second end - to the tabs on the wall of the lamp base. One end of the second jumper wire connected to the negative terminal of the battery, a second press to the touch lamps. An efficient lamp should illuminate. If the lamp is equipped with two filaments, push the end of the jumper wire to the second terminal of the lamp. The lamp must also light up. Faulty lamp should be replaced by her adequate wattage and rated voltage of the power supply. Check of an electric chain If there is suspicion of failure of the electric circuit is supplied to a voltage by including toggle switches and switches. Disconnect any of the terminals of the circuit and one of the wires connect the lamp to the power of the probe, or facing the side of the de-energized circuit breaker. The second wire probe, connect the lamp to the weight of the car (to some screws or bolts to the chassis, bodywork or the engine block). If the lamp is not lit, check the circuit closest to the power supply or switch. If the lamp lights, continue to carry out checks, moving toward electricity consumer (motor, lamps, etc.). | The optimum starting point is a testing circuit fuse terminal. Do not forget every time, moving on to the next section of the circuit to restore the initial connection of the previous connector / terminal connections. |
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