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Design Features
| Fig. 5.15. Elements of cooling systems: 1 - the fan; 2 - fan shroud; 3, 34 - a nut; 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 25, 27, 30, 32, 36, 38, 39, 41, 43, 45 - yokes; 5, 28, 46, 47, 50 - bolts; 6 - supply hose heating throttle assembly; 8 - tee; 11 - supply hose heater; 14 - bypass hose; 16 - outlet heater hose; 19 - outlet hose heating throttle assembly; 21 - the thermostat; 22 - O-ring cover of the thermostat; 23 - the thermostat; 24 - a branch pipe of the water pump; 26 - the water pump discharge hose; 29 - connecting pipe; 31 - Liquid surge tank hose; 33 - expansion tank; 35 - a stopper of a broad tank; 37 - Vapour surge tank hose; 40 - supply hose of a radiator; 42 - a radiator; 44 - radiator outlet hose; 48 - an arm of fastening of a radiator; 49 - top cushion fastening of a radiator; 51 - the bottom cushion fastening of a radiator |
Engine cooling system (Fig. 5.15), liquid (with forced circulation of the fluid), sealed with expansion tank. The system is filled with liquid ethylene glycol (antifreeze), does not freeze at a temperature of ambient to -40 ?� C.
WARNINGS It is not recommended to fill water cooling system because of the antifreeze and anticorrosion includes antifoaming additives as well as additives that prevent deposition of scale. Coolant is toxic! Avoid inhalation of its vapor and contact with skin. Promptly repair any infringement of tightness of the cooling system to avoid getting vapor coolant in the interior of the vehicle during its operation. Your health is more expensive than a new cooling system pipe or tube of sealant! |
Furthermore radiator, the water pump, expansion tank and hoses, the system includes a cast made in the engine cooling jacket surrounding the wall of the cylinder block, combustion chambers and gas passages in the cylinder head and the radiator of a vehicle interior heater. The normal thermal regime is determined by the engine coolant temperature, which is maintained automatically by a thermostat in the range 90-100 ?� C. Radiator with horizontal flow of the liquid (Fig. 5.16), with a tubular-belt 3 and the aluminum core plastic sideburns 2 and 6. In the bottom of the left tank drain valve 2 is in the tank 1. formed inlet and outlet tubes to the hose and the engine water jacket inlet hose connecting the radiator to the expansion tank.
| Fig. 5.16. The radiator and electric cooling: 1 - drain valve; 2 - tank outlet; 3 - core; 4 - the main blower motor; 5 - additional electric fan; 6 - discharge tank; 7 - housing an additional fan; 8 - a casing of the main fan |
The surge tank 33 (see. Fig. 5.15) is used to compensate for varying the volume of coolant depending on its temperature. The tank is made of translucent plastic. On his wall is marked ?�max?� and ?�min?� to monitor the coolant level, top filler neck is hermetically sealed by plastic plugs 35 with two valves inside it (inlet and outlet), assembled in a single unit. The exhaust valve opens at a pressure of 130-150 kPa (1.3-1.5 kg / cm 2), providing temperature increase start boiling coolant and preventing intense evaporation. Upon cooling liquid decreases its volume in a vacuum system. The inlet valve opens when the vacuum tube about 3 kPa (0.03 kgf / cm 2) and breathable in a broad tank.
NOTE Serviceability of the valve plug is essential for normal operation of the cooling system, but often when problems arise (boiling coolant, etc.) motorists pay attention only to the thermostat and forget to check the valves. Leakage of the exhaust valve reduces boiling temperature coolant, and its jamming in the closed state - to abnormal rise in pressure in the system, which may damage the radiator and hoses. |
Water Pump centrifugal ensures forced circulation of the liquid in the cooling system, installed on the front of the plane and the cylinder is rotated by a toothed timing belt. The axis of rotation of the pump pulley is made eccentric axis of the body, which allows rotation of the body about an axis to adjust the belt tension. The pump installed sealed bearings that do not require regreasing. The pump can not be repaired, so in case of failure (leaking fluid or bearing damage) it is replaced in gathering. Thermostat 23 (see. Fig. 5.15) filled with a solid heat-sensitive supports normal operating temperature of the coolant and reduces engine warm-up time. It is installed in the special slot on the front surface of the cylinder and pressed against him housing 21. When the coolant temperature to 87 ?� C the thermostat is fully closed and the liquid is circulated through the small loop, bypassing the radiator, which accelerates engine warm. At a temperature of 87 ?� C, the thermostat starts to open, and at 102 ?� C fully open, circulating fluid through the radiator. The fan 4 (see. Fig. 5.16) with plastic seven-bladed propeller provides purge air radiator at low speeds the car mostly in urban areas or on mountain roads, where a counter air flow is not sufficient to cool the radiator. To improve the efficiency of the fan through rubber cushions mounted in the casing 8. The casing, in turn, is attached to the radiator at four points. On vehicles equipped with air conditioning system, install an additional fan unit with five-blade impeller 5, attached to the radiator through the casing 7. The operation of the primary and secondary electric fans controlled by an electronic engine control unit, which receives information from the sensors of the system. The electronic unit through the respective relay provides the rotation of impellers electric fans with two speeds. The unit includes a main fan at a low speed rotation when the coolant temperature is 93 ?� C, with high speed - at 97 ?� C, the fan switch from high to low speed at 94 ?� C, switches off at 90 ?� C. The unit includes an additional fan at low speed when the air conditioner is switched to high speed when the coolant temperature is 97 ?� C and a pressure of 1882 kPa is reached in the injection line conditioner. The cooling system via hoses 11 and 16 (see. Fig. 5.15) with radiator heating the cabin.
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