 printable version
Motor oil
The viscosity of the motor oil
Viscosity and specifications
At the factory the engine is flooded special multigrade high quality oil, which is suitable, except where cold climates, for use in all seasons. When refilling the oil in the engine oil can also be added one specification in oil of other specification. Viscosity grade should be selected in accordance with the data in Fig. Viscosity motor oils. If the air temperature is only briefly mentioned here goes beyond the limits of temperature, the oil should not be replaced.
Gasoline engines
And - all-weather oils with the raised antifrictional properties, specification VW 500 00. In - all-weather oils, specification VW 501 01;
- All-weather oils, specifications API-SF or SG.
Diesel engines
And - all-weather oils with the raised antifrictional properties, specification VW 500 00 (for diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging only in a mix with specification VW 505 00). In - all-weather oils, specification VW 505 00 (unlimited for all diesel engines);
- All-weather oils, specifications API-CD (for diesel engines with turbo charging only when absolutely necessary for topping up);
- All-weather oils, specification VW 501 01 (for diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging only in a mix with specification VW 505 00).
Qualities of engine oils
Year-round oil for standard VW 501 01 and 505 00 are relatively inexpensive oils with following qualities: - Year-round use in temperate zones;
- Excellent detergent properties;
- Good lubricity at all temperatures and engine loads;
- Pervonachalnyhsvoystv high stability for a long time. Multigrade oils with improved anti-friction properties of the standard VW 500 00 are also additional advantages: - Year-round use for almost every possible outdoor temperatures;
- Minor loss of engine power due to friction;
- Facilitating cold start - also at very low temperatures.
A warning  Seasonal oil due to the inherent properties of the specific viscosity -temperaturnyh usually can not be used all year round. Therefore, these oils should only be used in extreme climates.
When using multigrade oils grade SAE 5W-30, to avoid prolonged operation at high engine speed and a constant high load on the engine. These restrictions do not apply to multigrade oils with improved anti-friction properties.
Additives for motor oils
Do not add any additives that reduce friction loss, engine lubricants.
Mixing oils
This and similar questions are of interest to many motorists. The answer to the first - unfortunately not, even if it's oil companies "of world renown" (Shell, Mobil, British Petroleum). Each firm produces commodity oils, adding to the whole range of oil-based additive, the chemical composition of which is kept very secret. Therefore, a lot of high-quality oils of the same purpose, made according to the requirements with respect to ekpluatatsionno technical properties of international classification of the API and European specification SSMS-ASEA, but on technologies of various companies, when mixed are able to create a mixture of poor quality due to the interaction and mutual-inhibition additive that is "incompatible" additives. Oils interchangeable nyaemy different companies, the possibility of using these oils often indicate motorostroi Teli. But this does not mean that they can be mixed. Classification of the API and ACEA specifications assume necessarily the same test methods (laboratory, bench - motor, and so on. D.) Oils of different firms. If you wish (or need), engine manufacturers may impose additional tests (or more stringent conditions) to these classifications. The same applies to the mixing of mineral or synthetic oils (sometimes - even one firm). Synthetic oils may have a composition of hydrocarbon nature (in such cases, oil of one firm can be mixed, which makes recommendations to the company manufacturer of oil and that it is responsible), different chemical composition. Unfortunately, there are cases where, when mixed oils worsening their quality. This may result in "begin to knock" engine as the mixture of incompatible oils turns to "jelly". Even more negative response to the question about the possibility of blending imported and domestic oils, especially those that are made with the addition of "domestic" additives. Neither the seller nor the consumer does not know the composition of the additives that are in the oils. Some oils "national origin" made "companies" that do not have even elementary knowledge of petroleum. Sometimes these "experts" used waste oils (even without appropriate regeneration) to the production of "commodity". At the same time, and corresponds to quality. Therefore, the Council about the possibility of mixing oils should be given very carefully! No "cleaners" ("Tokron" and others.) Are not able to increase the octane number of gasoline. For this purpose, special additives - antiknock, which are added to the manufacturing process of gasoline at oil-refineries, or additives. The cause of the detonation (knock on metal can be heard during operation of the engine) and the pre-ignition (the engine continues to operate with the ignition off) can be residues in the combustion chamber. Compression increase in system "when administration of certain additives" is not due to viscosity additives since they do not have them in its composition, and for other reasons. Reduce the waste oil in the old engine and to increase the compression in the cylinders by using oil vysokovyazkostnyh impractical because it would lead to an increase in first really cylinder compression, but not for long. In the future, engine repair will cost more. The cause of "acoustic noise" in the old engine is its deterioration. Therefore, cheaper to repair and then use high-quality oil. You can "reduce" backlashes additives, but the usefulness of this sort should not to harm the engine. Briefly about the "marine oils" and their possible use in the "automotive diesel engines." There are different oils. Special marine oils for diesel engines are a group E, for example, M-16E30, 16E60-M, M-20E60, intended for low-speed diesel engines operating on vysokosernom vysokovyazkostnom fuel - fuel oil. These oils have the technical and operational characteristics (quality indicators), which differ from the indicators of quality motor oils diesel engines, so their use in automotive diesel engines is impossible. There are marine oils of group D, e.g., M-10DTSL20, 14DTSL20-M, M-14DTSL30 used in diesel engines operating on vysokosernom fuel. Oil-resistant, but have a high base number and high ash content. For automobile diesel engines is - increased engine wear, which eventually can not pay off free oil. Oil M-16DR for marine diesel engines, which operate on distillate fuel - diesel fuel with a higher viscosity compared with viscosity of Automobile and a sulfur content up to 0.5%, can be used in automotive diesel engines in the summer (for heavy trucks, not cars). We must follow the rule of thumb is to use an appropriate motor oil is a high quality brand (classification) and not risk mixing it with the same synthetic (or semisynthetic) oil. The engine will thank for it reliable performance. Do not buy oil from hands, as the packaging is easy to forge.
|
