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Bases of safe operation of the vehicle

Sit behind the wheel with ease, holding the steering wheel slightly. Do not squeeze him like a vise to blanching of fingers - excessive stress and tension only tire body. Make it a rule when driving on straight roads to keep the steering wheel in the range of ten to two to three a quarter, corresponding to the position clockwise. This makes it possible to drive the car effortlessly and instantly react to changing situations on the road.

Clarity actions of the driver in driving a large extent depends on the form of clothing, particularly in winter. Clothing should be light, loose and comfortable. Not recommended for skiing or climbing boots, boots, boots. Their awkwardness makes it difficult to quickly control the pedals. Difficult to control the pedals and any high-heeled shoes.

Car preparation for movement

Before leaving the garage or parking space, check the technical condition of the car. Expended on it for 8-10 minutes may be more than offset any loss of time troubleshooting in the way and increase your safety. For this:

1. Check and top up the air pressure in the tires. The pressure difference in the tires only 0.2-0.3 kg / cm ² impairs the car's handling and braking can cause it to drift.

2. Check the oil level in the crankcase of the engine and, if necessary, finish it to norm.

3. Check the coolant level, brake and washer fluid and, if necessary, bring them up to standards. Tanks with these fluids are made of plastic for luprozrachnoy that allows the level of visual control.

4. Check that sensors and tubes of external light devices.

5. Check the wipers and washers of glasses, hand brake.

6. Inspect the parking lot of the car. The presence of traces of oils and fluids under the car shows its leakage components and assemblies. In this case, you must identify and eliminate the cause.

7. When driving with the parking brake Check the job.

Tactics driving

Tactics driving - is the ability to choose the right mode of motion, which is the main indicator of speed. It was incorrectly chosen speed limit is the most frequent cause of road accidents. The complexity of the correct choice of speed is that it requires simultaneous consideration of various factors, or, in other words, a comprehensive assessment of the conditions in which there is a movement. The ability of the driver to comprehensively cover the totality of moving and stationary objects that are important in terms of safety, and thus excluded from his attention everything not related to the movement of objects, trapped in his field of vision (eg, billboards, remote from the road building, and so on. d.) are the main condition for the correct tactics of driving. For the same reason it is not recommended to hang or mount in the areas of front and rear windscreen and dashboard amulets, souvenirs and so on. N., An overview of reducing driver distraction and further not only his attention but also the attention of other road users. It should be remembered that increasing the speed of the driver's field of vision is reduced. Thus, in the rest of the field is 120 ?�, with a speed of 30 km / h - 100 ?�, and at a speed of 100 km / h - 40 ?� ("tunnel vision").

In no case shall the rate of movement can not be determined in a hurry if you or your passengers. It is necessary to firmly grasp it, even in the most extreme cases to choose the rate only in accordance with the situation. In this respect, a very important quality driver is an excerpt, allows you to keep calm and not give in to anyone's wishes to go faster, regardless of the particular situation.

After a long break in driving (winter, illness, business trip, etc. Etc.). It takes some time to restore skills. In connection with this, do some training trips to the road sections with a minimum load transport.

Be a good psychologist and be critical of their mistakes behind the wheel.

Only self-criticism and introspection will help you avoid a repetition of such errors in the future.

Overcoming pools

When driving through puddles have to be very careful, because they can hide the pits and potholes, which can damage the wheels or suspension components. In the event that you are moving along an unfamiliar road, it is better to skip forward other vehicles, and the way he overcomes the pool, you can judge the state of the road. If this is not possible, leave the vehicle and any object (stick, rod, and so on. D.) Promerte puddle on the intended trajectory. Movement through a puddle perform at the lowest possible speed. Spirited overcoming puddles usually ends Moisture on the elements of the ignition system and stop the engine.

Stir in rainy weather

Moisture on the ignition system components can enter and stop the engine when driving on the road during heavy rain. A good and reliable means to prevent dampness elements of the ignition system is a pretreatment WATERPROOF-binding drugs such as "Unisma" or "Lubricants HTV-1" aerosol or their foreign counterparts.

Particular attention and care is manifested in the first minutes after the start of the rain, as the dust on the soaked pavement forms a soap film, dramatically reducing tire grip.

Regularly during travel spend slight braking of the vehicle to dry the brakes, as the efficiency of wet brakes sharply drops.

During overtaking include stekloochis Titel windscreen at maximum capacity - it will help avoid the loss of visibility due to the potential release of water from under the wheels of the overtaken vehicle. Such safeguards, it is desirable to use and if you overtake.

Do not carry out in the rain to pass, if a cloud of water from under the wheels of the vehicle in front closes completely review overtaking zones.

In order not to move in the water loop from the vehicle ahead, increase the distance and reduce speed.

When moving along the sidewalks in the rain or after it when driving through puddles reduce speed to spray from the wheels of your car do not fall on pedestrians.

Stir in the dark

At dusk turn the dipped headlights. If your car is painted in a darker tone, dipped includes several previously, as against the dark asphalt your machine and its appearance is invisible to oncoming traffic gets unexpected.

When driving at night the driver sees only a limited section of the road and safe driving requires attention. It has been observed that with age, a person needs more lighting for the recognition of the subject. For people older than 20 years, it doubles every 13 years. Consequently, the driver in the 60-year-old sees the night almost 8 times worse than in 20 years. Accordingly, the speed at night and should be reduced in proportion to age driver.

If dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming car to slow down, stop, or better, without changing lanes, and turn on the hazard warning lights. Avoid driving a car blindfolded - this is very dangerous! Do not forget to restore the ability to see after blindness may take time up to 10 seconds.

If you follow the night the vehicle in front and does not intend to overtake, switch to low beam and keep him at a distance, so as not to disturb his driver light of their headlamps.

Movement winter

Be very careful on wet or slippery road sections - Avoid the risk of sudden braking the wheels will lock Vat, which will inevitably lead to skidding. For this purpose, operate the vehicle smoothly, without sharp turns. Reduced speed spend only a gradual transition to a lower gear with partial braking of service brake. If in spite of that the car starts to skid, turn the steering wheel in the direction of the skid, do not touch the brake pedal and the clutch and keep calm.

At the intersections of roads it is often due to frost wheelspin when pulling away. Therefore, the approach to such places on a dry section of pre-start speed reduction.

In winter, it is difficult to pull away on slippery surfaces. To do this, turn on the second or third gear, and slowly releasing the clutch pedal slowly increase the engine speed. If you need to rotate, then after the car began to move, switch to first gear and turn pass when the engine "vnatyag" without allowing slippage of the drive wheels.

In the highlands

When driving uphill in good time to a lower gear, preventing the operation of the engine "in the interference" and jerking the car.

On long downhill, use the engine braking mode with partial use of the service brakes. Do not let the descent with the clutch and brake using only the workers, the WTO will lead to a heating of brakes and brake fluid boiling. Keep in mind that with increasing altitude the temperature of boiling brake fluid decreases. Boiling brake fluid in the brake cylinders means a complete failure of the service brakes - brake fails.

If in the mountains you want to stay in the parking lot near the viewing areas or recreation areas, after a long rise do not stop the engine immediately to prevent boiling coolant and fuel in the carburetor, and run the engine for 1-2 minutes at minimum idle speed. This will facilitate the subsequent start of the engine.

As anywhere in the highlands keep to the right side of the road. Smaller than the width of the road and a complex profile of the track require more attention and care. Cornering apply sound and light signals. When you stop on the upward or downward, remove the steering wheel all the way to the beginning in the case of a spontaneous movement of the car, he ran into the road curb or other obstacle.

On slippery roads Do not drive on a steep rise until the vehicle in front will not reach its peak.

Using the brakes

Learn to slow down smoothly, preventing the wheels from locking. Better yet, use a smooth braking of service brake while downshift. This technique provides directional stability of the vehicle even on a slippery road sections and, moreover, contributes to fuel economy, increases the life of the tires and brake pads.

Experienced drivers, regardless of the additional stoplights, foreseeing the possibility of applying the service brakes, previously several times to touch the brake pedal actuating lamps of stoplights to draw the attention of drivers, moving him to be prepared to reduce speed.

The stopping distance is dependent on the reliability of the action of the braking system, tire tread condition, vehicle load, road profile, the type and condition of the road surface and the vehicle speed. Stopping distance increases with the square of the speed, that is. E. If the speed is increasing doubled, the stopping distance is increased fourfold.

If serviceable pendants adjust corners of installation of forward wheels and normal air pressure in the tires under braking the car withdraws aside and you need dovorachivat wheel to keep the direction of movement, it is necessary to conduct an audit of the service brakes.

Sitting down for the first time behind the wheel of another car, check out the free section of the road the brakes at speeds of 40, 60 and 80 km / h, it is necessary to assess the state of the brakes and the acquisition of the first skill.

To avoid "kick is" brake pad to the drum, do not place the vehicle on a long-term parking with the parking brake.

To brake pads are not frozen to the drums when driving on wet roads at sharp fluctuations of temperatures, do not leave the car in an open area with the parking brake, do not test the brakes smooth braking when driving to the parking lot.

Bus

Sudden acceleration and deceleration, or insufficient air pressure, disregard for the interchange of wheels under the scheme, the imbalance, riding at higher speeds on unimproved roads, improperly installed angle of the front wheels largely shorten the life of tires. On worn tires is dangerous movement, as in the rain protector at a certain speed does not have time to miss the water bus runs into a water wedge that is driving in front of him, and there comes a loss of traction (aquaplaning effect).

Driving a vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission

When driving a vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission, you should pay attention to the following features.

In the dispersal of the car engine will run with increased turnover, which is normal and typical for automatic transmission.

For rapid speed increase is necessary to press the accelerator pedal to stop some time and keep it in this position. The increase in engine speed and lowering the gear ratio in the transmission will quickly increase the speed of the vehicle.

If the pressure on the accelerator is reduced to decrease the engine speed regardless of the speed. This is normal, resulting in significant fuel savings.